Form for concrete-sewer construction.



PATENTED MAY 29, 1906. R. J. PAUL 6: W. G. KERSHNER.

FORM FOR CONCRETE SEWER CONSTRUCTION.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 11. 1905] 2 SHEETS-SHEET 1 No. 821,824. PATENTED MAY 29, 1906. R. J. PAUL & W. C. KERSHNER.

FORM FOR CONCRETE SEWER CONSTRUCTION.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT.11. 1905.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

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ROBERT J. PAUL AND WILLIAM (J. KERSHNER', OF DAYTON, OHIO.

FORM FOR-CONC'RETE-SEYWER CONSTRUCTION.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Iatented May 29, 1906.

Application filed September 11,1905. Serial No. 278,019.

To ail whom, it may concern:

Be it known that we, ROBERT J. PAUL and WILLIAM C. 'KERsHNER, citizens of the United States, residing at Dayton, in the county of Montgomery and State of Ohio, have invented certa in new and useful Improvements in Forms for Concrete-Sewer Construction; and we do declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertai'ns to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the figures of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

This invention relates to a collapsible form for constructing concrete sewers regardless of the dimensions or shapes of the sewer.

The object of the invention is to provide a collapsible form which admits of the entire sewer being constructed around said form before any of the parts of the form are removed, or in one operation.

To this end the form is constructed in a number of collapsible parts, either forming a circle or elliptical shape in cross-section when united.

In the drawings the form is constructed of four segments or sections which are detachably united to form a circle; but, as before stated, the transverse form of the sewer may be constructed of other shapes than that of a circle.

In the use of our improved concrete-sewer form the necessity of skilled labor is entirely dispensed with, the cost of the sewer is very materially decreased, and the work of constructing the sewer is so simplified that a small number of laborers may do the work. In removing the sections of the form after the concrete is set a single laborer is only necessary.

Preceding a more detailed description of the invention reference is made to the accompanying drawings, of which Figure 1 is a transverse sectional view of a concrete sewer, showing our improved collapsible form in position therein. Fig. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view looking in the direction of the horizontal arrow in Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a similar sectional view looking downward in the direction of the vertical arrow in Fi 1.

Its before stated, the form is constructed of a plurality of matching longitudinal sections, the number of sections depending upon the diameter of the sewer. For example, Fig. 1 of the drawings shows the form constructed of four longitudinal sections which are adapted for the form of concrete sewers of any suitable diameter. It may be advisable to construct the form in a greater number" of sections in order that the same may be more readily handled in constructing the sewer. We therefore do not wish to limit ourselves to the eXact number of sections or parts shown in the drawings. In either event the sections are collapsible in a similar manner.

In a detailed description of the invention similar reference characters indicate corresponding parts.

The concrete sewer I is formed around the exterior of the form, this form consisting of a plurality of longitudinal sections each of which consists of a number of segmental ribs 2, which are united to a series of nails 3. These ribs 2 and rails 3 are secured by a suitable number of screws 4, or they may be united in any suitable manner. For example, they'may be nailed together or fastened in a variety of ways, the object being to unite said rails and rib-segments rigidly. The rails 3 are united to a series of cross-braces 5 by means of notches 6 near the ends of said cross braces, which receive the said rails. These cross-braces lie close to the ends of the ribs, but away from the sheathing, in order that they may be readily removed when collapsing the form. The abutting ends of the ribs are held in alin'ement when in operative positions by means of dowels 7, which are united to the upper segments or ribs and .overlap the adjacent ends of the lower segments or ribs. Thismeans prevents any lat eral or side movements of the ribs when united, as shown in Fig. 1, and holds the form rigidly together.

It will be noted in Fig. 1 that the lower ends of the two lower rib-segments have a 100 suitable space 2 between them for the insertion of a removable rail 8, which fills the space between the lower sections and extends throughout the len th of the form. The

lower sections should have this space be- 105 tween them in order that the form may be easily collapsed in removing it. This rail 8 is free from any binding contact, but lies loosely between the sections and prevents the concrete from Working upwardly between I I o placed therein in accordance with t the ends of the lower sections and insures a smooth and true surface. Above this removable rail 8 and at points between the ends of the lower rib-segments there is a series of keys 9, the purpose of which is to hold each of the two lower rib-segments in position to support the upper sections. The several sections of the form are completed by uniting thereto a sheathing consisting of a plurality of laths 10, which are united to the rib-segmentsto form a close sheathing which extends around the form and against which the concrete is tamped into place.

The operation of forming a concrete sewer by means of our improved collapsible form is as follows: The excavation having been made, the necessary number of tem lets are lie grade set by the engineer. These templets are made of a form which. the lower half of the sewer is to be, and when in position the concrete is placed in the excavation between the templets to a suitable height. After the concrete is thus .inserted a straight-edge in the nature of a board extending from one templet to the other is used to level off the concrete to agree with the curvature of the lower half. of the sewer. The templets are then removed, and the rail 8 is placed in a central osition on the flow-line of the sewer. The ower sections of the form are then placed in osition and the keys 9 are inserted. The ower braces 5 are next placed in position to hold the lower sections in their relativepositions. After this the upper sections of the form are placed in position and are united by means of the upper braces 5. The whole form being thus placed in a rigid position, the concrete-is applied and tamped around the entire form and made to unite with the concrete which has been placed below until the entire sewer is completed tothe thickness and dimensions required. After the concrete has set the form is easily removed by first removing the keys 9, which are removable by knocking upon them with a hammer. The rail 8 is then free to be removed, which affords sufficient space for the removal of the lower sections of the form. The upper sections are then easily separated by removing their cross-braces 5, and the whole form is jacent to their horizonta collapsed quickly and in a manner which permits its removal by a single person.

Having described our invention, we claim 1. A form for concrete-sewer work, consisting of sections when brought together forming a circle in cross-section, said sections engaging each other, and held by horizontal cross-braces extending from one side to the other of the structure, the two lower sections having inserted between them a seriesof removable keys which, when in position, serve to rigidly lock the sections together, and a rail longitudinally insertible below said keys within the space between the longitudinal edges of the lower sections, substantially as specified.

2. A form for concrete-sewer work consisting of a series of four sections which, when brought together, complete a circle in crosssection, horizontal cross-braces uniting the sections adjacent to the horizontal abutting edges of said, sections, a rail'insertible longitudinally within the space between the lower sections and completing the circle of the assembled sections, and a series of blocks within said space above the rail and serving to tie the sections together during the formation of Ehei sewer construction, substantially as specie 3. A form for concrete-sewer construction, consisting of a series of sections assembled to form a circle in cross-section, two-horizontal cross-braces joining the op osite sections adabutting edges, said cross-sections engaging the longitudinal rails of said sections, a loose rail insertible longitudinally within the space between the lower sections and completing the circular form of the structure, and a series of blocks interposed between the edges of the lower sections above the loose rail and serving to key the assembled sections during the construction of the sewer, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof we affix our signatures in presence of two witnesses.

ROBERT J. PAUL. WILLIAM C. KERSHNER. Witnesses:

R. J. MGCARTY, O. M. THEOBALD. 

